Orienting and scanning support for betatrons



Nov. 17, 1953 D. T. scAG ET AL 2,659,327

v ORIENTING AND SCANNING SUPPORT FOR BETATRONS File@ May 19. 1951 2 sheets-sheet 1 XXX mmlaw Nov. 17, 1953 D, 1', SCAG ET AL 2,659,827"` ORIENTING AND SCANNING SUPPORT FOR BETTRONS Filed May 19. 1.951 2 sheets-sheet 2 Mon/1w Fig. 1 is a View in front elevation of a betatron magnetic electron accelerator supported from an overhead crane;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged View partly in section of an intermediate portion of the overhead support of the betatron illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the upper portion of the support portion illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the support portion shown in Fig 2;

Fig. 5 is a view in section of the support taken along line V-V of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a view in section of the support along line VI-VI of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the betatron and yoke support shown in Fig. 1;

taken Fig. 8 is an enlarged view partly in section of l the motor driven right hand trunnion of the betatron illustrated in Fig. 1; f

Fig. 8a is an enlarged view partly in section of the bearing support for the left hand trunnion ofthe betatron shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged View in elevation partly in section of the motor driven rotating mechanism for the suspension yoke assembly shown in Fig. 1;

i Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the rotating mechanism of the suspension yoke assembly taken along line X-X of Fig. 9; and

., Figs. 11 and 12, are sectioned views taken `along lines Q-XI and XII-XII, respectively,

of Fig. 9.

illustrated in the drawings is suspended from a traveling crane I which is movable along the runways 2, 3 of the side walls of the building in which the betatron type is installed. The crane is moved by a motor driven means including the motor 4, a drive shaft 5, and the driving wheels 6. struction and includes a pair of parallel bridge members or girders on which is a motor operated trolley 8. lIhe bed of the trolley includes horizontal channel members 9, I9 to which are attached by suitable means, preferably by bolting, four hanging channel support arms These support arms extend downward from the trolley between the two bridge members of the traveling crane, and the lower ends of the support arms are bolted to ears I2 of a stub tube I3 so .that the stub tube I3 is fixed withrespect tothe trolley 8.

A flange I4 extends outward from the stub tube and is attached thereto by suitable means such as by welding. The ears I2 are attached to the tube and to the upper surface of the flange I4. There are four ears I2 extending out from the stub tube in a generally radial direction with an angle of approximately 90 between the adjacent ears.

A telescopic tube support designated generally as I8 is shown in Figs. l and 2 as including the stub tube I3 and three other tubes I9, 20, 2|, but the number of tubes included in the support may be varied.

The construction and assembly of the overhead tube support provides means to very aecuratelymaintain the focal spot or source of X-rays on a predetermined Vertical axis while allowing the betatron and, `of course, its focal spot of X-rays, to move along that axis as iS desired or to be held at any position along that axis. The keyed, close fitting tubes I3, I9, 2|), 2| when combined with the actuating means comprising an electric motorI controlled Winch The crane is of conventional confor raising or lowering the tubes in the manner to be described and also combined with the precise adjusting means for the position and weight of the betatron and its support assembly, provides a completely new orienting and support means for high energy accelerators which are to be employed in industrial radiography.

The intermediate tubes I9, 20 are similar in construction and differ only in diameter. A straight keyway is cut parallel to the longitudinal axis of Vthese tubes on their outer surfaces. The keyway 22 of tube |9 receives the key 23 of stub tube I3. The tube I9 has a sliding fit in stub tube I3, and the inner surface of the stub tube'is made of suitable bearing material such as babbitt. The upper edge of tube I9 has an overhanging ring 24 bolted thereto. The ring abuts against the upper edge of the stub tube when tube I9 is in the lowered position, preventing the sliding tube I9 from falling out of stub tube I3. The lower portion of tube I9 has a reduced internal diameter providing a shoulder 25 against which an overhanging ring 29 of tube 20 abuts thereby preventing tube 20 from sliding out of tube I9. The lower portion of tube I9 has a key 21 as shown in Fig. 5 which extends into a keyway in the outer surface of the tube 20.

The key 28 of tube 20 slides in the keyway 29 of the bottom tube 2|. The tubes are assembled so that the keys or keyways of adjacent tubes are displaced by an angle of :The lower end of the bottom tube 2| supports a shaft 30, transverse the tube for freely rotating sheaves 3|, 32. The lower end of the bottom tube 2| is provided with a flange 33 extending outwardly normal to the outer surface of the tube. The flange 33 is similar to the flange |4 which is attached to the stub tube I3. Also the lower end of the bottom tube 2| has four substantially radially extending ears 34 which are attached by suitable means to the tube 2| and the bottom surface of the flange 33.

In their most extended position the telescoping tubes have considerable surface contact. As shown in Fig. 2 the lower portions of every tube in which one other of the tubes slides has a considerable length, providing a long surface contact between tubes so that the tube assembly cannot be deformed laterally.

The telescopic tubes are raised and lowered by winch means 38 on the motor operated trolley 8. The winch 38 includes a motor 39 and two drums 40, 4| on which a cable `42 winds. The cable extends from the drum 49, down the inside of the tube support I8, over one of the sheaves 32, then up around an idler pulley 35, then down again through the tube support I8, over the sheave 3 I and up the tube support to the drum 4|.

The tubes are shown in their extended position in Fig. 2. When they are raised, the motor operated winch rst raises the bottom tube 2| inside of tube 2D until the flange 33 abuts against the bottom edge of the tube 20, then tube 29 slides inside of tube I9 until the flange 33 abuts against the bottom of tube I9. Continued operation of the winch to raise the tube support causes tube I9 to slide inside of stub tube I3 until the flange 33 abuts against the bottom of the stub tube I3. In the fully raised position the telescoped tubes extend upwardly from the stub tube I3 between the two bridge members of the traveling crane.

The electric motor operated winch and sheave provides a precise control of the telescoping tube SuPlJOllf- By means Cf the motor control and lower endfoflltlieoh'annelsupportsfis illustrated 3;'

is bolted to the ring 56. A. motordriveassemlytorque?y fonirotating the betatronand yoke" as'- sembly;J Therefore; instead otmakingwtlre botimnnonth 'Acenteringffplug circuiaritis provided" withtwof flat: sidese' 692; l-lfiwliieht'tightly't:into afgeneially nectang ar"reoes's "Gliwin the Amiese. plateit, -Wlerey the"lbad"'o""rotating the lietau o assembly "tiff ai;

46 tron Aai-rcitoke- 'assem'liisY married'. by; the; flat sides-oi thezcenteringjtolug which fabut.. against ilat sides"of-1tlieirectangularfreeess inA the :cross plate.

adjustment; oftheiposition 'ofitherfocal spoti'orJtargetof. thebetat'ron can "be obtaineiiloy ao ustablyconnectingvthe: eenteringgplug to "the cross'plate: 'This canfberdone oyf'makingjtlie lengthwise dimension-of*thereeess inzthe cross plate longer' than the.''CorrespcoolingA dimension ofthebottomofthe'centering plugand" by pro vdinga .Clearanceitfor the 'boits8"in the holes inthe"cross plate'assliown innFig. 1'2. By'this' means thewcross'plate can be' Vacljnsi'lakily Apositioned'fwith respect tothecentering'plug whereby the entirebetatron canbe, adjusted to a position ontlie common"axisYioitlf1e'crive;shaftA 5i-arid the tube-`suppcntA anatV the betatronvillen rotated by"the"Sliar't-iiI will have'a rotating beamwitli Xrays issuing" from" a single" point: "Tliesuspens'ion yoke-'assembly ooiinlrises` U shapedsupport in'wliieh' the" betatron t?. can berotate about* itsliorizontal axis; Thehoii.- zon'tal member 'H of the yokeassemlfiy `isfn'adle up' 'ofA-` oliannel membersand cross supports Yto. have thefrectangul'arshape as` shovm' in Fig. 10'; The crossplate is attached-'tothe uppersuitface of tlie horizontal" mei'nleer` "'l not in the centerthereof lontv in' a position olset from-the center' (Fig. 1") so thattn'e center-ofthe recess inlt'lfie cross` plate 'can' Ibearligried. exactly above the' focal spot oii the betatron. The cl-epeming armata, 'I3-of the'yolieassemblysupporta motor drivenv trunnionwliich carriesthe beta-tron 'in ahorizontalV position as sliownv in Fig; l,

j The right arm i-21offtlie'yoke is shown'en lar'eeii` irl-Fig.v 3 and carriesk theino'tor' and reduction gear :box 'ifi with" theA flange liof `the 'motor-assembly bolted toY aA plate T6. which is Welded to the arml 'TZi The plate-"ISl hasa 'oernrralapern ture through which avdrive shaft 'IT of ,the motor assembly extends; The 'right hand side of' the betatron hasl a collar 78 with akey''g` Tneiclrive shaft "His splined and'ts intothe collarl 7.8*50 as'ftofserve asthewight-"hand trunnion ofthe betatron with thekey 19 sliding into the spline off' the drive-shaft. The collar-may be looked axially to thedrive shaft-bysuitable means; onebeingfillustrated'as -aset` screw 80;; The englarged view ofFig, Saillustrates the mounting of the bet'atron onitsleft liand'trunnion V82. The arm 'i3' carries a bearing t! 'in which4 thev trunnion S2" attached' to the 'loetatrorrr assembly turns.

TheV trunnioirg'is long*A enough to allowiit to Eemoved'axiallywithitespeet to the bearing. Bl. Alsothe collar Zi's matieto'naveaxiall clearance with. respect'to. the. drive shaft'i so it can be] movedaxially oftliatshaft.Y Thus., a horizontal.

or lateral' adjustmentY of themosition oi". the `betatron may be madetoexa'ctly position the'Lray target orfocal spot85' of', the betatron on the.. ivertioal a'XisjYwithoutmoving the motor driven trunnion orv yoke support. This provides an# other"meansioradjusting the position of the focal'spot ofitlie'betatron; While the'adj'ustment which' can bema'debyfthe centeringplug63A is transverse the common axis X of the trunni'ons and!I thebetatron, the other adjustment which affects the betatron only, provides for- 'horiizontallfy movingthe position of the betatron alongthe axis 'of the tr-unnions` at"90 tothedirection ofthe 'adjustment-madeby means of the centering 'plug In addition lto `tlfrese adjust#- 4 ments;v there`is*another'l modeofA- adjusting 'the positionofthe target,v and thatis Vto `rotate the accelerating tube 84 about its own axis, thereby moving the target 85 on an arc Without moving the betatron or its supporting assembly so that the target may be located on the trunnion axis X.

Both the motor assemblies 59 and 14 include adjustable speed motors and gear reduction means to provide for slowly turning the betatron. about a vertical axis Y and a horizontal axis X, respectively. The X-ray target 85 can be exactly positioned so that it coincides with the intersection of these vertical and horizontal axes. By means of the overhead support I8 the position of the X-ray target is maintained on the vertical axis Y whet-her the betatron be held in one position along that axis or moved along that axis.

The weight of the betatron normally is not balanced with respect to the X-ray target 85 The center of gravity of the betatron is substantially at its geometrical center at the intersection of the horizontal axis X and the vertical axis Y. However, the target is horizontally offset from the vertical axis Y' to a position on the vertical axis Y between the center leg and outer leg of the betatron core. The weight o this type accelerator is approximately four and one-half tons without the yoke assembly, and since the above described structure provides means by which the X-ray target of the betatron can be exactly positioned on axes of rotation, this results inthe betatron being rotated about a vertical axis which does not pass through the center of gravity of the betatron. There is included in the illustrated structure a means for adjusting the weight of the yoke assembly and betatron so that the center of gravity of the betatron and its yoke assembly is on the vertical axis Y through the X-ray target, which is also the longitudinal axis of the overhead support.

In this instance, the means for adjusting the center of gravity comprises the container 86 which is attached to the right leg 12 of the yoke assembly. Steel plates 81 are inserted into the container 86 until the center of gravity of the betatron and yoke assembly is vertically aligned with the X-ray target. The adjusted center of gravity will then be aligned also with the axis of rotation of the motor driven rotating mechanism which turns the yoke assembly and betatron. The balance of the yoke assembly and betatron about the vertical axis through the X-ray target is partially accomplished by the weight of the motor assembly of the trunnion and the final adjustment is made exact by adding the weights to the container. With the entire suspension assembly balanced the rotation of the betatron about a vertical axis through the X-ray target will not cause the rotating mechanism to bind and the raising or lowering of the betatron will not bind the supporting tubes.

Although but one embodimentof the present invention has been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein Without departing from the spirit of the invention or from the scope of the appended claims.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A scanning X-ray device comprising a betatron, a pair of trunnions having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke assembly having arms extending downwardly forming a support for said trunnions providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, support means for said betatron, means connecting said yoke assembly to said support means including a motor operated means for :rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about a vertical axis, a motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said trunnion axis, and means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis comprising a first adjusting means providing for movement of said betatron relatively to said yoke assembly in a direction parallel to said trunnion axis and a second adjusting means providing for movement of said yoke assembly relatively to said connecting means in a horizontal direction normal to said trunnion axis.

2. A scanning X-ray device comprising a betatron, a trunnion having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke :assembly having an arm extending downwardly :forming a support for said trunnion providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, support means for said betatron, means connecting said yoke assembly to said support means including a rst motor operated means for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about a vertical axis, a second motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said trunnion axis, and means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis including rst and second adjusting means, said irst adjusting means comprising a rst member of said trunnion mounted on said betatron and a second member of said trunnion connected to said second motor operated means, said members being movable with respect to each other in a direction parallel to said trunnion axis, and means to iix the position of said members with respect to each other, said second adjusting means comprising a rst element attached to said yoke assembly having a recess with opposite sides thereof having parallel straight portions extending in a horizontal direction to said trunnion axis, a second element connected to said first motor operated means having opposite parallel sides abutting said sides of said recess, said second element being movable in said recess parallel to said sides and having a xed position with respect to said vertical axis whereby the relative movement of said elements adjusts the X-ray focal point, and means to clamp said elements together.

3. A scanning X-ray device comprising a betatron, a pair of trunnions having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke assembly having arms extending downwardly forming a support for said trunnions providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, overhead support means for said yoke assembly including a plurality of telescoping tubes having a common vertical axis of symmetry, means for retracting and for extending said tubes, means connecting said yoke assembly to said tubes including a motor operated means for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about said vertical axis, a motor operated means for rotating said vbetatron about said trunnion axis, and means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis comprising a first adjusting means providing for movement of said betatron relatively to said yoke assembly in a direction parallel to said trunnion axis, and a second adjusting means providing for movement of said yoke assembly relatively to said connecting means in a horizontal direction normal to said trunnion axis.

axis, overheadrsurrmt fiarisaid yoke 21S- semblyincluding a plurality of telescoping tubes I" ism Symmetry, means' for 'retracting 'and for extending" said tubes, means connecting said yoke assembly to said tubes including a first motor operated means .for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about said vertical axis, a second motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said trunnion axis, and means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis including first and second adjusting means, said first adjusting means comprising a first member of said trunnion mounted on said betatron and a second member of said trunnion connected to said second motor operated means, said members being movable with respect to each other in a direction parallel to said trunnion axis, and means to nx the position of said members with respect to each other, said second adjusting means comprising a first element attached to said yoke assembly having a recess with opposite sides thereof having parallel straight portions extending in a horizontal direction 90 to said trunnion axis, a second element connected to said rst motor operated means having opposite parallel sides abutting said sides of said recess, said second element being movable in said recess parallel to said sides and having a xed position with respect to said vertical axis whereby the relative movement of said elements adjusts the X-ray focal point, and means to clamp said elements together.

5. A scanning X-ray device comprising a betatron, a trunnion having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke assembly having an arm extending downwardly forming a support for said trunnion providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, overhead support means for said yoke assembly including a plurality of telescoping tubes having a common vertical axis of symmetry, means associated with said tubes to brace said tubes against lateral and angular movement, means for retracting and for extending said tubes, said tubes including a rst motor operated means for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about said vertical axis, a second motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said trunnion axis, the joint center of gravity of said yoke assembly, said betatron and said second motor operated means being positioned away from said vertical axis, means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis including first and second adjusting means, said rst adjusting means comprising a rst member of said trunnion mounted on said betatron and a second member of said trunnion connected to said second motor operated means, said members being movable with respect to each other in a direction parallel to said trunnion axis, and means to x the position of said members with respect to each other, said second adjusting means comprising a rst element attached to said yoke assembly having a recess with opposite sides thereof having parallel straight portions extending in a horizontal direction 90 to said trunnion axis, a second element connected to said rst motor mea s ,to mi) joint cent device moved' y on said--ii/ertical axis. 116.." Ascanring -Xray device Vcomprising a vibeta'- tron, a pair of trunnions having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke assembly having arms extending downwardly 'forming a support for said trunnions providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, overhead support means for said yoke assembly including a plurality of telescoping tubes having a common vertical axis of symmetry, means associated with said tubes to brace said tubes against lateral and angular movement, means for retracting and for extending said tubes, means connecting said yoke assembly to said tubes including a motor operated means for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about said vertical axis, a motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said horizontal axis, and means for positioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis including rst and second adjusting means, said first adjusting means providing for movement of said betatron relatively to said yoke assembly in a direction parallel 'to said trunnion axis, said second adjusting means providing for movement of said yoke assembly relatively to said connecting means in a horizontal direction normal to said trunnion axis.

7. A scanning X-ray device comprising a betatron, a trunnion having a horizontal axis of symmetry attached to said betatron, a yoke assembly having an arm extending downwardly forming a support for said trunnion providing for rotation of said betatron about said trunnion axis, overhead support means for said yoke assembly including a plurality of telescoping tubes having a common vertical axis of symmetry, means associated with said tubes to brace said tubes against lateral and angular movement, means for retracting and for extending said tubes, means connecting said yoke assembly to said tubes including a first motor operated means for rotating said yoke assembly with said betatron about said vertical axis, a second motor operated means for rotating said betatron about said horizontal axis, and means for posiated means l tioning the X-ray focal point of said betatron on said vertical axis including first and second adjusting means, said rst adjusting means comprising a rst member of said trunnion mounted on said betatron and a second member of said trunnion connected to said second motor operated means, said members being movable with respect to each other in a direction parallel to said axis, and means to x the position of said members with respect to each other, said second adjusting means comprising a rst element attached to said assembly having a recess With opposite sides thereof having parallel straight portions extending in a horizontal direction to said trunnion axis, a second element connected to said rst motor operated means having opposite parallel sides abutting said sides of said recess, said second element bel, .A Y u Y i ing movable in said recess parallel to said sides Number and having a xed position with respect to said 1,630,181 vertical axis whereby the relative movement of 2,394,070 said elements adjusts the X-ray focal point, and 2,548,489 means to clamp said elements together. 5 2,553,378

DANE T. SCAG. DONALD K. GETZLAFF. References cited in the me of this patent Nuggf UNITED STATES PATENTS 10 Number Name Date Re. 13,813 Ariens Oct. 27, 1914 NameA Y Date Isherwood May 24, 192'? Kerst s Feb. 5, 1946 Morrison Apr. 10, 1951 Miller May 15, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Oct. 1'?, 1931 

